Simon Kibangu was a symbol of Congolese nationalism and a figure of the African resistance and struggle against colonial oppression. He is known as Ntumua ya Nzambi’a Mpungu, Kikongo translation of ‘Envoy of Almighty God’. Although Kimbangu’s preaching has no stated political content, he nevertheless predicts the liberation of the black man on a spiritual and physical level, independence of Congo and the reconstitution of the Kongo empire, prophesying the “second independence” (dipanda dianzole in Kikongo).